OFFENCE ELEMENTS - SEXUAL ASSAULT OFFENCES
s 265 (1) A person commits an assault when
(a) without the consent of another person, he applies force intentionally to that other person, directly or indirectly;
(b) he attempts or threatens, by an act or a gesture, to apply force to another person, if he has, or causes that other person to believe on reasonable grounds that he has, present ability to effect his purpose; or
(c) while openly wearing or carrying a weapon or an imitation thereof, he accosts or impedes another person or begs.
Application
(2) This section applies to all forms of assault, including sexual assault, sexual assault with a weapon, threats to a third party or causing bodily harm and aggravated sexual assault.
Consent
(3) For the purposes of this section, no consent is obtained where the complainant submits or does not resist by reason of
(a) the application of force to the complainant or to a person other than the complainant;
(b) threats or fear of the application of force to the complainant or to a person other than the complainant;
(c) fraud; or
(d) the exercise of authority.
OFFENCE ELEMENTS - SEXUAL ASSAULT OFFENCES
Accused’s belief as to consent
(4) Where an accused alleges that he believed that the complainant consented to the conduct that is the subject-matter of the charge, a judge, if satisfied that there is sufficient evidence and that, if believed by the jury, the evidence would constitute a defence, shall instruct the jury, when reviewing all the evidence relating to the determination of the honesty of the accused’s belief, to consider the presence or absence of reasonable grounds for that belief.[1]
[…]
Sexual assault
s 271 Everyone who commits a sexual assault is guilty of
(a) an indictable offence and is liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 10 years or, if the complainant is under the age of 16 years, to imprisonment for a term of not more than 14 years and to a minimum punishment of imprisonment for a term of one year; or
(b) an offence punishable on summary conviction and is liable to imprisonment for a term of not more than 18 months or, if the complainant is under the age of 16 years, to imprisonment for a term of not more than two years less a day and to a minimum punishment of imprisonment for a term of six months.
SELECTED CASE LAW
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
SUPREME COURT OF CANADA:
2017 SCC 16
2014 SCC 18
2008 SCC 31
[1999] 3 SCR 759
ALBERTA:
2019 ABCA 160
2018 ABCA 322
2018 ABCA 235
2018 ABCA 228
2018 ABPC 36
2017 ABQB 193
2016 ABCA 194
2016 ABPC 25
2015 ABCA 222
2015 ABCA 149
2015 ABCA 45
2013 ABQB 322
2013 ABCA 188
2013 ABCA 79
2013 ABCA 112
2011 ABPC 9
2010 ABPC 395
2010 ABCA 86
2005 ABCA 240
BRITISH COLUMBIA:
2018 BCSC 2286
2018 BCSC 1683
2018 BCSC 729
2018 BCCA 346
2018 BCCA 339
2018 BCCA 239
2018 BCCA 97
2018 BCCA 81
2018 BCCA 30
2017 BCSC 1868
2016 BCSC 1565
2016 BCCA 154
2016 BCCA 86
2015 BCSC 2055
2015 BCCA 338
2015 BCCA 210
2013 BCPC 393
2013 BCCA 50
2012 BCCA 454
2012 BCCA 377
2012 BCCA 198
2012 BCCA 19
2011 BCSC 133
2010 BCCA 602
2010 BCCA 40
2009 BCPC 401
2009 BCCA 367
2008 BCSC 250
2008 BCSC 131
2002 BCCA 248
2001 BCCA 462
MANITOBA:
2018 MBQB 65
2017 MBQB 197
2017 MBCA 78
2016 MBQB 130
2016 MBCA 27
2014 MBPC 31
2013 MBPC 67
2013 MBPC 47
NEW BRUNSWICK:
2017 NBCA 62
2014 NBCA 71
2013 NBCA 12
2012 NBCA 79
2012 NBCA 64
2006 NBCA 104
NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR:
2019 NLCA 33
2018 NLCA 19
2015 NLCA 19
2012 NLCA 20
2012 NLCA 10
2010 CanLII 22966 (NLPC)
NOVA SCOTIA:
2018 NSCA 18
2017 NSCA 13
2016 NSSC 158
2016 NSSC 29
2015 NSCA 50
2013 NSPC 98
2013 NSCA 19
2011 NSCA 91
2011 NSCA 77
2004 NSCA 7
ONTARIO:
2019 ONCA 139
2019 ONCA 135
2019 ONCA 22
2018 ONSC 6951
2018 ONSC 3431
2018 ONSC 2922
2018 ONSC 2422
2018 ONSC 1389
2018 ONCA 1002
2018 ONSC 746
2018 ONCA 149
2017 ONSC 6900
2017 ONSC 6529
2017 ONSC 5698
2017 ONSC 4202
2017 ONSC 4005
2017 140 WCB (2d) 438 (ONCJ)
2017 ONCJ 906
2017 ONCJ 733
2017 ONSC 377
2017 ONCJ 127
2016 ONCJ 7062
2016 ONSC 6861
2016 ONSC 5141
2016 ONSC 2589
2016 ONSC 2511
2016 ONSC 2145
2016 ONCJ 858
2016 ONCJ 842
2016 ONCA 724
2016 ONSC 713
2016 ONCJ 264
2015 ONSC 5732
2015 ONSC 1708
2014 ONSC 3794
2014 CanLII 33080
2014 ONSC 2293
2014 ONSC 1472
2013 ONCA 268
[2012] OJ No 3606 (ONCA)
2012 ONCA 419
2012 ONCA 162
2011 ONCJ 464
2011 ONCA 610
2011 ONCA 31
2010 ONCJ 600
2010 ONCA 27
2008 CarswellOnt 9798
[2008] 77 WCB (2d) 257 (ONSC)
2007 ONCA 461
[2005] OJ No 3928 (ONSC)
2004 CanLII 14199
[2003] 58 WCB (2d) 163 (ONCJ)
2002 CanLII 44969 (ONCA)
2000 CanLII 5759 (ONCA)
PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND:
2018 PECA 29
2012 PECA 6 (Appeal)
QUEBEC:
2018 QCCA 2020
2017 QCCA 2077
2017 QCCA 550
2017 QCCA 499
2016 QCCQ 7602
2016 QCCQ 7139
2015 QCCQ 11692
2015 QCCA 849
2014 QCCQ 8118
2014 CanLII 34273
2014 QCCA 1747
2013 QCCQ 1950
2013 QCCA 1778
2013 QCCA 46
2012 QCCA 526
2011 QCCA 2157
2011 QCCA 2011
2011 QCCA 655
2008 QCCA 2401
2007 QCCA 605
SASKATCHEWAN:
2019 SKCA 41
2019 SKCA 17
2018 SKCA 94
2018 SKCA 183
2017 SKQB 327
2016 SKQB 186
2016 SKCA 80
2016 SKCA 32
2015 SKQB 408
2014 SKPC 156
2014 SKCA 88
2013 SKCA 101
2009 SKCA 63
YUKON:
2016 YKCA 7